Book chapter: Big Data, Meta-analysis and Systematic Reviews
In health and medical sciences, with developments in computing, there is a rapid growth in data both in form of “Big” registries and published papers. Both offer opportunities to perform statistically powerful analyses, but each has its inherent challenges. Large datasets, in theory, offer consistent data, an assumption that ought to be tested concerning data quality in each project. Published studies that assess the same outcome but in different scenarios introduce the problem of variability in the results obtained by different researchers. A systematic review scientifically collates and investigates the literature to objectively summarize the evidence related to the research topic, using meta-analysis to statistically synthesize the results of individual studies where appropriate. These reviews can be used to underpin guidelines and recommendations. Evidence synthesis is also the essential ingredient for evidence-based medicine.
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